Quotes About Development

poor countries are poor because those who have power make choices that create poverty.

sólo los burócratas pueden pensar que el trabajo de planificación acaba con la creación del plan. La elaboración del plan es solamente el principio. El rumbo verdadero del plan se desarrolla solamente después de haberlo elaborado».

The reason that Nogales, Arizona, is much richer than Nogales, Sonora, is simple; it is because of the very different institutions on the two sides of the border, which create very different incentives for the inhabitants of Nogales, Arizona, versus Nogales, Sonora.

El éxito económico de los países difiere debido a las diferencias entre sus instituciones, a las reglas que influyen en cómo funciona la economía y a los incentivos que motivan a las personas.

Las diferencias institucionales más importantes que aparecieron tras la peste negra crearon el trasfondo en el que se producirían las divergencias más significativas entre Oriente y Occidente durante los siglos XVII, XVIII y XIX.

Japan and Singapore never had more than a sprinkling of inhabitants of European descent, yet they are as prosperous as many parts of Western Europe.

In the words of a Chinese economist, "Big state companies can get involved in huge projects. But when private companies do so, especially in competition with the state, then trouble comes from every corners [sic].

El temor a la destrucción creativa es la razón principal por la que no hubo un aumento sostenido del nivel de vida entre la revolución neolítica y la revolución industrial

La desigualdad mundial existe actualmente porque, durante los siglos XIX y XX, algunos países fueron capaces de aprovechar la revolución industrial y las tecnologías y los métodos de organización que aportaba mientras que otros no.

There are two important lessons here. First, foreign aid is not a very effective means of dealing with the failure of nations around the world today. Far from it. Countries need inclusive economic and political institutions to break out of the cycle of poverty.

Most economists and policymakers have focused on "getting it right," while what is really needed is an explanation for why poor nations "get it wrong.

Rich nations are rich largely because they managed to develop inclusive institutions at some point during the past three hundred years.

revolution that overthrew Mubarak will lead to a new set of institutions capable of bringing prosperity

The average Egyptian has an income level of around 12 percent of the average citizen of the United States and can expect to live ten fewer years; 20 percent of the population is in dire poverty. Though these differences are significant, they are actually quite small compared with those between the United States and the poorest countries in the world, such as North Korea, Sierra Leone, and Zimbabwe, where well over half the population lives in poverty.

poor countries are poor because those who have power make choices that create poverty. They get it wrong not by mistake or ignorance but on purpose.

In fact, a thousand years of history and contemporary evidence make one thing abundantly clear: there is nothing automatic about new technologies bringing widespread prosperity. Whether they do or not is an economic, social, and political choice.

even if industry itself was very inefficiently organized relative to what could have been achieved. In fact, between 1928 and 1960 national income grew at 6 percent a year, probably the most rapid spurt of economic growth in history up until then.

los países pobres lo son porque quienes tienen el poder toman decisiones que crean pobreza. No lo hacen bien, no porque se equivoquen o por su ignorancia, sino a propósito.

As the United States began to experience the Industrial Revolution in the first half of the nineteenth century, Mexico got poorer.

after 1688 the state began to rely more on talent and less on political appointees, and developed a powerful infrastructure to run the country.

We have to understand why the politics of some societies lead to inclusive institutions that foster economic growth, while the politics of the vast majority of societies throughout history has led, and still leads today, to extractive institutions that hamper economic growth.

Las instituciones económicas inclusivas también allanan el camino para otros dos motores de prosperidad: la tecnología y la educación.

In 1800 probably only 2 to 3 percent of the citizens of the Ottoman Empire were literate, compared with 60 percent of adult males and 40 percent of adult females in England. In the Netherlands and Germany, literacy rates were even higher. The Ottoman lands lagged far behind the European countries with the lowest educational attainment in this period, such as Portugal, where probably only around 20 percent of adults could read and write. Given

Los países fracasan cuando tienen instituciones económicas extractivas, apoyadas por instituciones políticas extractivas que impiden e incluso bloquean el crecimiento económico.